Internal combustion engine

Internal combustion engine is a kind of power machine, which is a heat engine that burns fuel inside the machine and converts the heat energy released into power directly. Internal combustion engines in a broad sense include not only reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, rotary piston engines and free piston engines, but also rotary impeller jet engines, but the so-called internal combustion engine generally refers to piston internal combustion engines. The piston type internal combustion engine is the most common with the reciprocating piston type. A piston-type internal combustion engine mixes fuel and air, burns it in its cylinder, and the released heat can generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the cylinder. The gas expansion pushes the piston to do work, and then the mechanical work is output through the crank connecting rod mechanism or other mechanisms to drive the driven machinery to work. The common ones are diesel engines and gasoline engines. By converting internal energy into mechanical energy, internal energy is changed by doing work.

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In 1672, Belgian missionary Nan Huairen built a steam-powered mechanical device in Beijing.

In 1670, the Dutch physicist, mathematician and astronomer Huygens invented a machine that uses gunpowder to burn and expand in a cylinder to push a piston to do work, that is, an "internal combustion engine". The gunpowder engine using gunpowder as fuel is the germ of the modern internal combustion engine principle.

In 1680 Newton designed a steam engine.

In 1765, the widely used piston steam engine was modified by Watt.

In 1766, British inventor James Watt improved the steam engine.

In 1769, British inventor James Watt applied for a patent for the steam engine.

In 1801, French chemist Philips Lebon successfully developed a two-stroke engine fueled by gas and hydrogen. French chemist Philippe Leben used coal gas and hydrogen obtained by dry distillation of coal as fuel to make an engine that mixes gas and hydrogen with air and ignites it to generate expansion force to push the piston. This invention is known as the pioneering development in the history of internal combustion engines step.

In 1824, physicist Carnot established the Carnot cycle model to link thermodynamics and power.

In 1858 Lenoir invented a two-stroke gas engine.

In 1862, French electrical engineer Laino successfully created the two-stroke horizontal internal combustion engine. French scientist De Rorschach proposed the working principle of four-stroke internal combustion engine based on the thermodynamic research of Carnot (France). German inventor Otto designed and made the first four-stroke internal combustion engine in 1876.

In 1866, German engineer Nikolous Otto invented the four-stroke engine.

In 1876 Otto built a new, gas-fueled four-stroke internal combustion engine.

In 1883, Daimler, who was an engineer of Otto Company, and his friend Maybach made the first four-stroke reciprocating gasoline engine.

In 1885, German engineer Karl Benz created a gasoline engine device in Mannheim, a three-wheeled vehicle erected on a carriage, with a 0.85 horsepower gasoline engine.

On January 29, 1886, Carl Benz obtained the world's first patent for an automobile engine.

1897 Diesel engine was born.